SAE-AISI 1212 Steel vs. 2014A Aluminum
SAE-AISI 1212 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2014A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1212 steel and the bottom bar is 2014A aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 72 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 28 | |
| 6.2 to 16 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 200 to 290 | |
| 93 to 150 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 27 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 280 to 370 | |
| 130 to 290 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 440 to 620 | |
| 210 to 490 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 460 | |
| 110 to 430 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 210 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 510 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 870 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 150 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 23 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 37 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 110 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 11 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 3.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 1140 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 64 to 110 | |
| 24 to 49 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 560 | |
| 85 to 1300 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 46 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 to 22 | |
| 19 to 45 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 to 20 | |
| 26 to 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 55 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 20 | |
| 9.0 to 22 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 90.8 to 95 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 3.9 to 5.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.5 to 99.07 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
| 0.4 to 1.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.070 to 0.12 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 0.9 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.16 to 0.23 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |