SAE-AISI 1212 Steel vs. Type 4 Niobium
SAE-AISI 1212 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while Type 4 niobium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 1212 steel and the bottom bar is Type 4 niobium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 to 180 | |
| 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 28 | |
| 23 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.4 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 38 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 440 to 620 | |
| 220 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 460 | |
| 140 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 310 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 270 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 52 | |
| 42 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 7.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.6 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 46 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 64 to 110 | |
| 44 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 560 | |
| 93 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 6.8 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 to 22 | |
| 7.2 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 to 20 | |
| 9.5 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 20 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.13 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Hafnium (Hf), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.5 to 99.07 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 98.1 to 99.2 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0.070 to 0.12 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.16 to 0.23 | |
| 0 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.2 |