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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. 6082 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 6082 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is 6082 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
40 to 95
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 23
6.3 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
55 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 270
84 to 220
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
140 to 340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
85 to 320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
42
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
19 to 43
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
52 to 710
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
14 to 35
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
21 to 40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
67
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
6.0 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
95.2 to 98.3
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.6 to 1.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0.4 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.7 to 1.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15