MakeItFrom.com
Menu (ESC)

SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. 7049 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4012 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is 7049 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 23
6.2 to 7.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
160 to 170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 270
300 to 310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
510 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
420 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
36
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
31 to 34
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
1270 to 1440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
46 to 47
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
46 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
51
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
22 to 23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.7 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.1 to 0.22
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 1.9
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.0 to 2.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
7.2 to 8.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15