SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. AWS E307
Both SAE-AISI 4012 steel and AWS E307 are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E307.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 34 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 78 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 420 | |
| 660 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 290 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1420 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 51 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 2.1 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 2.4 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.1 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 3.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 49 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 160 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 16 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 4.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 12 | |
| 17 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.090 to 0.14 | |
| 0.040 to 0.14 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 | |
| 18 to 21.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.2 to 98.9 | |
| 59.6 to 69.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.75 to 1.0 | |
| 3.3 to 4.8 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0.5 to 1.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 9.0 to 10.7 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |