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SAE-AISI 4012 Steel vs. S21900 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4012 steel and S21900 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel and the bottom bar is S21900 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 130
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
50
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 270
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82
300
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.090 to 0.14
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 98.2 to 98.9
59.4 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
8.0 to 10
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030