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SAE-AISI 4028 Steel vs. 518.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4028 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 518.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel and the bottom bar is 518.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150 to 190
80
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
67
Elongation at Break, % 14 to 23
5.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 330
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Shear Strength, MPa 310 to 380
200
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 490 to 630
310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 520
190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
98
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
24
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1
81

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
9.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 81 to 95
14
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 720
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 22
32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 21
38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
40
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16 to 20
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
88.1 to 92.5
Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 98.1 to 98.7
0 to 1.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0.035 to 0.050
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.25