SAE-AISI 4028 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1078 Steel
Both SAE-AISI 4028 steel and SAE-AISI 1078 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4028 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1078 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 to 190 | |
| 220 to 230 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 to 23 | |
| 11 to 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 180 to 330 | |
| 270 to 350 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 72 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 310 to 380 | |
| 440 to 470 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 490 to 630 | |
| 730 to 780 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 520 | |
| 430 to 570 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 49 | |
| 49 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.1 | |
| 7.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.1 | |
| 8.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.1 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 19 | |
| 18 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 47 | |
| 45 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 81 to 95 | |
| 77 to 90 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 720 | |
| 490 to 860 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 17 to 22 | |
| 26 to 28 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 21 | |
| 23 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 20 | |
| 25 to 26 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.25 to 0.3 | |
| 0.72 to 0.85 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.1 to 98.7 | |
| 98.5 to 99 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0.035 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |