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SAE-AISI 4037 Steel vs. C18900 Copper

SAE-AISI 4037 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C18900 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4037 steel and the bottom bar is C18900 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 23
14 to 48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
43
Shear Strength, MPa 340
190 to 300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
260 to 500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290
67 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1020
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
30
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
30

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
31
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
65 to 95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220
20 to 660
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
8.2 to 16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
10 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
38
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
9.3 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Carbon (C), % 0.35 to 0.4
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
97.7 to 99.15
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 98.6
0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.1 to 0.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0.6 to 0.9
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5