SAE-AISI 4130 Steel vs. Nickel 690
SAE-AISI 4130 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4130 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness | 200 to 300 | |
90 |
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
200 |
Elongation at Break, % | 13 to 26 | |
3.4 to 34 |
Fatigue Strength, MPa | 320 to 660 | |
180 to 300 |
Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
0.28 |
Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
79 |
Shear Strength, MPa | 340 to 640 | |
420 to 570 |
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 530 to 1040 | |
640 to 990 |
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 440 to 980 | |
250 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
320 |
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
1010 |
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
1380 |
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
1340 |
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
470 |
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 43 | |
14 |
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
14 |
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
1.5 |
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
1.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.4 | |
50 |
Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
8.3 |
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
8.2 |
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
120 |
Embodied Water, L/kg | 50 | |
290 |
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 83 to 180 | |
31 to 170 |
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 500 to 2550 | |
160 to 1440 |
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
13 |
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
24 |
Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 19 to 37 | |
21 to 33 |
Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 29 | |
20 to 27 |
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
3.5 |
Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 16 to 31 | |
16 to 25 |
Alloy Composition
Carbon (C), % | 0.28 to 0.33 | |
0 to 0.050 |
Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
27 to 31 |
Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
0 to 0.5 |
Iron (Fe), % | 97.3 to 98.2 | |
7.0 to 11 |
Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
0 to 0.5 |
Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
0 |
Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
58 to 66 |
Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
0 |
Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
0 to 0.5 |
Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
0 to 0.015 |