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SAE-AISI 4150 Steel vs. 1080 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4150 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1080 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4150 steel and the bottom bar is 1080 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 20
4.6 to 40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 260 to 780
21 to 48
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 800
49 to 78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 660 to 1310
72 to 130
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1220
17 to 120

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 42
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
61
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 82 to 180
4.7 to 21
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 3930
2.1 to 100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 47
7.4 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 34
14 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
94
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 39
3.2 to 6.0

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.8 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.030
Gallium (Ga), % 0
0 to 0.030
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
0 to 0.15
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.020
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.020
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.15
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.030
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.020

Comparable Variants