SAE-AISI 4150 Steel vs. 3005 Aluminum
SAE-AISI 4150 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 3005 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4150 steel and the bottom bar is 3005 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 to 380 | |
| 33 to 73 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 70 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 to 20 | |
| 1.1 to 16 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 260 to 780 | |
| 53 to 100 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 26 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 410 to 800 | |
| 84 to 150 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 660 to 1310 | |
| 140 to 270 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 380 to 1220 | |
| 51 to 240 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 400 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 180 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 660 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 640 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 900 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 42 | |
| 160 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 23 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 42 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 140 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.4 | |
| 9.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 1180 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 82 to 180 | |
| 2.2 to 18 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 380 to 3930 | |
| 18 to 390 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 49 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 47 | |
| 14 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 34 | |
| 21 to 33 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 64 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 39 | |
| 6.0 to 12 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 95.7 to 98.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.48 to 0.53 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.7 to 97.7 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.75 to 1.0 | |
| 1.0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |