SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. 333.0 Aluminum
SAE-AISI 4161 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 333.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is 333.0 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 90 to 110 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 73 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 | |
| 1.0 to 2.0 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 290 | |
| 83 to 100 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 28 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 420 | |
| 190 to 230 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 680 | |
| 230 to 280 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 410 | |
| 130 to 210 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 520 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 170 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 590 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 530 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 880 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 43 | |
| 100 to 140 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 21 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.3 | |
| 26 to 35 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.4 | |
| 83 to 110 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.5 | |
| 10 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 7.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 140 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 50 | |
| 1040 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 120 | |
| 2.1 to 4.6 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 460 | |
| 120 to 290 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 49 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 22 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 29 to 34 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 42 to 57 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 22 | |
| 11 to 13 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 81.8 to 89 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.56 to 0.64 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 3.0 to 4.0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 96.7 to 97.6 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.75 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.25 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 8.0 to 10 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |