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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. 308.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4320 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 308.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is 308.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 240
70
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
2.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
89
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 500
150
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
190
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
110

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
470
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
540
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
20

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
37
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
10
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
7.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
1080

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
3.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
83
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
47
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
9.2

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.7 to 91
Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
0 to 1.0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
5.0 to 6.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 1.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5