SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 2 Steel
Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and ASTM A387 grade 2 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 2 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 160 to 240 | |
| 140 to 170 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 29 | |
| 25 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 190 to 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 500 | |
| 300 to 350 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 to 790 | |
| 470 to 550 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 460 | |
| 260 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 420 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1470 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 45 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 8.3 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.4 | |
| 2.6 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 20 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 52 | |
| 50 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 98 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 480 to 560 | |
| 180 to 320 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 to 28 | |
| 16 to 20 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 24 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 14 to 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.17 to 0.22 | |
| 0.050 to 0.21 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 0.5 to 0.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.8 to 97 | |
| 97.1 to 98.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.45 to 0.65 | |
| 0.55 to 0.8 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0.45 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |