SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. C19700 Copper
SAE-AISI 4320 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C19700 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is C19700 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 29 | |
| 2.4 to 13 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 43 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 370 to 500 | |
| 240 to 300 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 to 790 | |
| 400 to 530 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 460 | |
| 330 to 520 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 210 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1090 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1040 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 250 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 86 to 88 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 87 to 89 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.4 | |
| 30 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 41 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 52 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 12 to 49 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 480 to 560 | |
| 460 to 1160 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.2 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 to 28 | |
| 12 to 16 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 24 | |
| 14 to 16 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 73 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 14 to 19 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.17 to 0.22 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 97.4 to 99.59 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.8 to 97 | |
| 0.3 to 1.2 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.010 to 0.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.45 to 0.65 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0.1 to 0.4 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |