SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. R30021 Cobalt
SAE-AISI 4320 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R30021 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is R30021 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 to 29 | |
| 9.0 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 320 | |
| 250 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 86 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 570 to 790 | |
| 700 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 460 | |
| 500 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1350 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1190 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 11 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.4 | |
| 1.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.5 | |
| 2.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 8.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 52 | |
| 520 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 150 | |
| 57 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 480 to 560 | |
| 570 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 20 to 28 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 19 to 24 | |
| 21 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 3.8 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 21 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.17 to 0.22 | |
| 0.2 to 0.35 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 26 to 29 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 61.7 to 67.3 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.8 to 97 | |
| 0 to 3.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.45 to 0.65 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 4.5 to 6.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |