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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. S21900 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and S21900 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 67% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is S21900 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 240
220
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
50
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
380
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
78
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 500
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
15
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
300
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
59.4 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
8.0 to 10
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030