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SAE-AISI 4320 Steel vs. S44537 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4320 steel and S44537 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel and the bottom bar is S44537 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 240
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 29
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 500
320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 570 to 790
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 460
360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1480
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.4
19
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
3.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 150
95
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 480 to 560
320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 28
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 24
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
5.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.1
Carbon (C), % 0.17 to 0.22
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.4 to 0.6
20 to 24
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.8 to 97
69 to 78.6
Lanthanum (La), % 0
0.040 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.45 to 0.65
0 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0 to 0.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.2 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.050
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.0060
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.020 to 0.2
Tungsten (W), % 0
1.0 to 3.0