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SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. AWS ER90S-B9

Both SAE-AISI 4340 steel and AWS ER90S-B9 are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is AWS ER90S-B9.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 22
18
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1280
690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1150
470

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
37
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
91

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 79 to 170
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 590 to 3490
570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 45
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20 to 38
19

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.040
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0.070 to 0.13
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
8.0 to 10.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 95.1 to 96.3
84.4 to 90.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0.85 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0 to 0.8
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.020 to 0.1
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.030 to 0.070
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.010
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5