SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. C17500 Copper
SAE-AISI 4340 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C17500 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is C17500 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 to 22 | |
| 6.0 to 30 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 330 to 740 | |
| 170 to 310 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 45 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 430 to 770 | |
| 200 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 1280 | |
| 310 to 860 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 470 to 1150 | |
| 170 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 220 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 220 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1060 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1020 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 200 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 18 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.5 | |
| 24 to 53 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.6 | |
| 24 to 54 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.5 | |
| 60 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 4.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 73 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 53 | |
| 320 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 79 to 170 | |
| 30 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 590 to 3490 | |
| 120 to 2390 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.5 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 45 | |
| 9.7 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 33 | |
| 11 to 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 59 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 38 | |
| 11 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Beryllium (Be), % | 0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.7 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.38 to 0.43 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 2.4 to 2.7 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 95.6 to 97.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.1 to 96.3 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.8 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |