SAE-AISI 4340 Steel vs. C99600 Bronze
SAE-AISI 4340 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C99600 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel and the bottom bar is C99600 bronze.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 150 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 to 22 | |
| 27 to 34 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 56 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 690 to 1280 | |
| 560 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 470 to 1150 | |
| 250 to 300 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 240 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 200 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1100 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1050 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 19 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.5 | |
| 22 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 51 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 53 | |
| 300 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 79 to 170 | |
| 130 to 150 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 590 to 3490 | |
| 210 to 310 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 10 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 45 | |
| 19 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 to 33 | |
| 19 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 20 to 38 | |
| 14 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 2.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.38 to 0.43 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 50.8 to 60 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.1 to 96.3 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.8 | |
| 39 to 45 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |