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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. 355.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 355.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is 355.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
72 to 83
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
1.5 to 2.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
55 to 70
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
150 to 240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
200 to 260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
150 to 190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
470
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
150 to 170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
38 to 43
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
120 to 140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
1120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
2.7 to 5.9
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
150 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
20 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
28 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
60 to 69
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
9.1 to 12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.3 to 94.1
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
0 to 0.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
4.5 to 5.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.35
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15