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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. 512.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 512.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is 512.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
50
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
2.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
58
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
130
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
83

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
38
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
130

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
2.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
50
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
60
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
6.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.6 to 95.1
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
0 to 0.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
1.4 to 2.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.35
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15