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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. 5154A Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5154A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is 5154A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
58 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
1.1 to 19
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
83 to 160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
140 to 210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
230 to 370
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
96 to 320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
32
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
4.0 to 36
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
68 to 760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
24 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
31 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
53
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
10 to 16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.7 to 96.9
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.1 to 3.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15