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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. 7010 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7010 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is 7010 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
3.9 to 6.8
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
160 to 190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
300 to 340
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
520 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
410 to 540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
380
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
1120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
22 to 33
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
1230 to 2130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
47 to 54
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
47 to 52
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
22 to 26

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
87.9 to 90.6
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.5 to 2.0
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
0 to 0.15
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.1 to 2.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0 to 0.050
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.12
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
5.7 to 6.7
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.1 to 0.16
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15