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SAE-AISI 4340M Steel vs. AISI 304L Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4340M steel and AISI 304L stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304L stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
160 to 350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.0
6.7 to 46
Fatigue Strength, MPa 690
170 to 430
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1360
370 to 680
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2340
540 to 1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1240
190 to 870

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
540
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.9
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.2
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
71 to 240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 4120
92 to 1900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 84
19 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 51
19 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 70
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 1.0
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 93.3 to 94.8
65 to 74
Manganese (Mn), % 0.65 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.35 to 0.45
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
8.0 to 12
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 1.5 to 1.8
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.012
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.1
0