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SAE-AISI 5160 Steel vs. 4047 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 5160 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4047 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 5160 steel and the bottom bar is 4047 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Elongation at Break, % 12 to 18
3.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 650
45
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 390 to 700
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 660 to 1150
120
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 1010
64

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
570
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
33
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
7.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
1050

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 73 to 160
3.5
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 200 to 2700
28
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
16
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
55
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 41
13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 31
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
59
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 34
5.6

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.3 to 89
Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.61
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.3
Iron (Fe), % 97.1 to 97.8
0 to 0.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
11 to 13
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15