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SAE-AISI 52100 Steel vs. 5049 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 52100 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 52100 steel and the bottom bar is 5049 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
52 to 88
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 10 to 20
2.0 to 18
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 340
79 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 420
130 to 190
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 2010
210 to 330
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360 to 560
91 to 280

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
620
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 47
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12 to 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
35
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 54 to 310
6.0 to 31
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 350 to 840
59 to 570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 72
22 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 45
29 to 39
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
56
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 61
9.3 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
94.7 to 97.9
Carbon (C), % 0.93 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.4 to 1.6
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 96.5 to 97.3
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.6 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.45
0.5 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15

Comparable Variants