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SAE-AISI 52100 Steel vs. 7049 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 52100 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 52100 steel and the bottom bar is 7049 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 10 to 20
6.2 to 7.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 340
160 to 170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
27
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 420
300 to 310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 2010
510 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 360 to 560
420 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 47
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12 to 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
36
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 54 to 310
31 to 34
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 350 to 840
1270 to 1440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 72
46 to 47
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 45
46 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
51
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 61
22 to 23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.7 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.93 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.4 to 1.6
0.1 to 0.22
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 1.9
Iron (Fe), % 96.5 to 97.3
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.0 to 2.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.45
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
7.2 to 8.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15