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SAE-AISI 9254 Steel vs. 7020 Aluminum

SAE-AISI 9254 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7020 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 9254 steel and the bottom bar is 7020 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
45 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 20
8.4 to 14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 280
110 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
26
Shear Strength, MPa 410
110 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 660
190 to 390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
120 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
380
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
610
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
39
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.2
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 49
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
23 to 46
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
110 to 690
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
47
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
18 to 37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
25 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
59
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
8.3 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
91.2 to 94.8
Carbon (C), % 0.51 to 0.59
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.6 to 0.8
0.1 to 0.35
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 96.1 to 97.1
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
1.0 to 1.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0.050 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0
Silicon (Si), % 1.2 to 1.6
0 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.080 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15