SAE-AISI A3 Steel vs. AWS E312

Both SAE-AISI A3 steel and AWS E312 are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI A3 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E312.

SAE-AISI A3 (T30103) Air-Hardening Steel AWS E312 (W31310) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Poisson's Ratio		0.29
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		73
Shear Modulus, GPa		80

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		700 to 2150
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		740

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		260
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1450
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		6.0
Base Metal Price, % relative		20

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.6

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		67
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		52

Embodied Water, L/kg		78
Embodied Water, L/kg		200

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		8.9
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		31

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		25 to 77
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		27

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		23 to 48
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		23 to 70
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		18

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		1.2 to 1.3
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.15

Chromium (Cr), %		4.8 to 5.5
Chromium (Cr), %		28 to 32

Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		88.7 to 92
Iron (Fe), %		52.3 to 63.5

Manganese (Mn), %		0.4 to 0.6
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0.9 to 1.4
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.75

Nickel (Ni), %		0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), %		8.0 to 10.5

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.5
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Vanadium (V), %		0.8 to 1.4
Vanadium (V), %		0