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SAE-AISI D3 Steel vs. 1235 Aluminum

SAE-AISI D3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1235 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D3 steel and the bottom bar is 1235 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 9.8 to 15
28 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 940
23 to 58
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
26
Shear Strength, MPa 470 to 1220
52 to 56
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2050
80 to 84
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 1550
23 to 57

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
60
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 97 to 180
17 to 25
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 74
8.2 to 8.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
15 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
93
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
3.6 to 3.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.35 to 100
Carbon (C), % 2.0 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 80.3 to 87
0 to 0.65
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.050
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.65
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Tungsten (W), % 0 to 1.0
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1