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SAE-AISI D3 Steel vs. C96900 Copper-nickel

SAE-AISI D3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C96900 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D3 steel and the bottom bar is C96900 copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 9.8 to 15
4.5
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
45
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2050
850
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 480 to 1550
830

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1060
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
960
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
380
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
9.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
9.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
39
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
4.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
72
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 97 to 180
38
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.7
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 74
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
23
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
30

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.0 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
73.6 to 78
Iron (Fe), % 80.3 to 87
0 to 0.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0.050 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
14.5 to 15.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Tungsten (W), % 0 to 1.0
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5