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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
450 to 520
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
73
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1210
510 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
810 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
660 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
5.0
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
27
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
61

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
3.4
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
1.5 to 2.0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
92.5 to 95.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
2.8 to 3.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.080

Comparable Variants