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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. ASTM Grade HL Steel

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and ASTM grade HL steel are iron alloys. They have 61% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HL steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1340
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
490
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
27
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
65
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
210

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
31
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
48
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
28 to 32
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
40.8 to 53.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0