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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. AWS E33-31

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and AWS E33-31 are iron alloys. They have 44% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E33-31.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
210
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
29
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
81
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
810

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
320
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1330
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
36
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
6.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
86
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
260

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
44
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
31 to 35
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0.4 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
24.7 to 34.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
2.5 to 4.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
1.0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
30 to 32
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.3 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.010
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0