SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. Commercially Pure Palladium
SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while commercially pure palladium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is commercially pure palladium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.4 to 15 | |
| 1.1 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.39 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 43 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 460 to 1210 | |
| 120 to 200 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 2060 | |
| 200 to 380 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 160 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1550 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1550 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 240 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 4.2 | |
| 16 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 5.0 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 12 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 5.6 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 14 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 to 75 | |
| 4.5 to 8.8 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 47 | |
| 6.2 to 9.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 63 | |
| 9.8 to 19 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.1 to 2.4 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 13 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 80.6 to 86.3 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0 | |
| 99.8 to 100 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |