SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. Grade CW12MW Nickel
SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade CW12MW nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 20% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is grade CW12MW nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 8.4 to 15 | |
| 4.6 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 to 920 | |
| 130 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 85 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 2060 | |
| 560 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 470 to 1540 | |
| 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 410 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 70 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 9.1 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.3 | |
| 13 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 49 | |
| 180 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 280 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 to 160 | |
| 22 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 22 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 to 75 | |
| 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 47 | |
| 17 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 63 | |
| 16 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.1 to 2.4 | |
| 0 to 0.12 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 13 | |
| 15.5 to 17.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 80.6 to 86.3 | |
| 4.5 to 7.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 49.2 to 60.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 3.8 to 5.3 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |