SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. SAE-AISI A9 Steel
Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and SAE-AISI A9 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI A9 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 74 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 2060 | |
| 770 to 2030 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 280 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1380 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 31 | |
| 35 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 4.2 | |
| 7.9 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 5.0 | |
| 9.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 8.0 | |
| 7.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.3 | |
| 4.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 49 | |
| 70 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 100 | |
| 82 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 15 | |
| 10 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 to 75 | |
| 28 to 73 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 47 | |
| 24 to 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.3 | |
| 9.6 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 63 | |
| 25 to 66 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 2.1 to 2.4 | |
| 0.45 to 0.55 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 13 | |
| 4.8 to 5.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 80.6 to 86.3 | |
| 87 to 90.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.7 to 1.2 | |
| 1.3 to 1.8 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 1.3 to 1.8 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.6 | |
| 1.0 to 1.2 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.4 |