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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. C11000 Copper

SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C11000 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is C11000 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
1.5 to 50
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
43
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1210
150 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
220 to 410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
69 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1070
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 31
390
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 4.2
100
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 5.0
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
31
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
6.1 to 91
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
6.8 to 13
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
9.0 to 14
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.3
110
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
8.0 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
99.9 to 100
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.1