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SAE-AISI D4 Steel vs. S21800 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI D4 steel and S21800 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel and the bottom bar is S21800 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 15
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 920
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
75
Shear Strength, MPa 460 to 1210
510
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 760 to 2060
740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 470 to 1540
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
340
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1310
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
500
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
15
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 15
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100 to 160
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27 to 75
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 47
24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 63
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 2.1 to 2.4
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 11 to 13
16 to 18
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 80.6 to 86.3
59.1 to 65.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
7.0 to 9.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.7 to 1.2
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
8.0 to 9.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.080 to 0.18
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.060
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
3.5 to 4.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 1.0
0