SAE-AISI H21 Steel vs. C19800 Copper
SAE-AISI H21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C19800 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel and the bottom bar is C19800 copper.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 110 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 43 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 720 to 1790 | |
| 430 to 550 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 210 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1630 | |
| 1070 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1580 | |
| 1050 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 440 | |
| 390 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 27 | |
| 260 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 18 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 23 | |
| 30 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.5 | |
| 8.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 4.5 | |
| 2.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 68 | |
| 43 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 72 | |
| 320 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.2 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 to 58 | |
| 14 to 17 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 38 | |
| 14 to 17 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 7.1 | |
| 75 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 24 to 59 | |
| 15 to 20 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.28 to 0.36 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 3.0 to 3.8 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 95.7 to 99.47 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 87.6 to 93.8 | |
| 0.020 to 0.5 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0.1 to 1.0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.010 to 0.1 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 0.1 to 1.0 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 8.5 to 10 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 1.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |