SAE-AISI H23 Steel vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel
Both SAE-AISI H23 steel and SAE-AISI H21 steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI H23 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 760 to 1550 | |
| 720 to 1790 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1680 | |
| 1630 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1630 | |
| 1580 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 440 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 20 | |
| 27 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 34 | |
| 23 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.7 | |
| 8.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 6.9 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 110 | |
| 68 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 72 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 32 | |
| 19 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 to 49 | |
| 23 to 58 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 34 | |
| 21 to 38 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 5.2 | |
| 7.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 to 47 | |
| 24 to 59 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.25 to 0.35 | |
| 0.28 to 0.36 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 12.8 | |
| 3.0 to 3.8 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 71.3 to 76.7 | |
| 87.6 to 93.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.6 | |
| 0.15 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 11 to 12.8 | |
| 8.5 to 10 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.75 to 1.3 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |