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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. Grey Cast Iron

Both SAE-AISI L3 steel and grey cast iron are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 95% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is grey cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
69
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
160 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1380
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1180
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
44

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
5.8 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
8.7 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
6.0 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
3.1 to 3.4
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
92.1 to 93.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0.5 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.9
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
2.5 to 2.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.15
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0