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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. C40500 Penny Bronze

SAE-AISI L3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C40500 penny bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is C40500 penny bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
270 to 540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1060
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1020
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
380
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
41
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
42

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
30
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
320

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
8.5 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
10 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
48
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
9.5 to 19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
94 to 96
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
0 to 0.050
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0.7 to 1.3
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
2.1 to 5.3
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5