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SAE-AISI L3 Steel vs. C72900 Copper-nickel

SAE-AISI L3 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C72900 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI L3 steel and the bottom bar is C72900 copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
45
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 2250
870 to 1080

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1120
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
950
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
380
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
29
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.4
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.5
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
39
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
4.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
72
Embodied Water, L/kg 53
360

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.6
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 80
27 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 49
23 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
8.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 67
31 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.3 to 1.7
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
74.1 to 78
Iron (Fe), % 95.5 to 97.3
0 to 0.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0.25 to 0.8
0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0
14.5 to 15.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.5
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Vanadium (V), % 0.1 to 0.3
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3