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SAE-AISI M3 Class 1 Steel vs. A357.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A357.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 1 steel and the bottom bar is A357.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
70
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2150
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
500
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1610
610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1570
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
21

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
12
Density, g/cm3 8.3
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 10
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1110

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 72
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 44
43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.2
68
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 67
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.8 to 93
Beryllium (Be), % 0
0.040 to 0.070
Carbon (C), % 1.0 to 1.1
0
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 4.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 76.9 to 82.9
0 to 0.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.4 to 0.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.8 to 6.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.45
6.5 to 7.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0.040 to 0.2
Tungsten (W), % 5.0 to 6.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 2.3 to 2.8
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15