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SAE-AISI M3 Class 2 Steel vs. A390.0 Aluminum

SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A390.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M3 class 2 steel and the bottom bar is A390.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
75
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770 to 2210
190 to 290

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
640
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1620
580
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1570
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 440
880
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
20

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
11
Density, g/cm3 8.3
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 12
7.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 180
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
950

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 23
52
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 26 to 74
19 to 30
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 45
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.2
56
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 69
9.0 to 14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
75.3 to 79.6
Carbon (C), % 1.2 to 1.3
0
Chromium (Cr), % 3.8 to 4.5
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
4.0 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 75.8 to 82.3
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.45 to 0.65
Manganese (Mn), % 0.15 to 0.4
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 4.8 to 6.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.45
16 to 18
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Tungsten (W), % 5.0 to 6.8
0
Vanadium (V), % 2.8 to 3.8
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2