SAE-AISI M4 Steel vs. C72900 Copper-nickel
SAE-AISI M4 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C72900 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel and the bottom bar is C72900 copper-nickel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 120 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 45 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 770 to 2150 | |
| 870 to 1080 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 210 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1610 | |
| 1120 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1560 | |
| 950 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 440 | |
| 380 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 25 | |
| 29 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 17 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 25 | |
| 39 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 8.3 | |
| 8.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 14 | |
| 4.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 210 | |
| 72 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
| 360 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 7.6 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 23 | |
| 19 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 26 to 72 | |
| 27 to 34 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 23 to 45 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.9 | |
| 8.6 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 24 to 68 | |
| 31 to 38 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 1.3 to 1.4 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 3.8 to 4.8 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 74.1 to 78 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 75.9 to 81.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 4.3 to 5.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 14.5 to 15.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.45 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Tin (Sn), % | 0 | |
| 7.5 to 8.5 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 5.3 to 6.5 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 3.8 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |